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INTRODUCTIONOFPHAEDO

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DuringthevoyageofthesacredshiptoandfromDelos, whichhasoccupiedthirtydays, theexecutionofSocrateshasbeendeferred.(.) , , andthosewhomighthavebeenexpectedtobepresent, (Crito), twodisciplesofPhilolauswhomSocrates ‘byhisenchantmentshasattractedfromThebes’(Mem.), Critotheagedfriend, theattendantoftheprison, whoisasgoodasafriend—, Hermogenes, fromwhomXenophonderivedhisinformationaboutthetrialofSocrates (Mem.), the ‘madman’Apollodorus (Symp.), EuclidandTerpsionfromMegara (compareTheaet.), Ctesippus, Antisthenes, Menexenus, andsomeotherless-knownmembersoftheSocraticcircle, , Cleombrotus, ’, andisledbythiscircumstancetomakethenaturalremarkthat ‘pleasurefollowspain.’ (ObservethatPlatoispreparingthewayforhisdoctrineofthealternationofopposites.) ‘Aesopwouldhaverepresentedtheminafableasatwoheadedcreatureofthegods.’ ThementionofAesopremindsCebesofaquestionwhichhadbeenaskedbyEvenusthepoet (compareApol.): ‘WhySocrates, whowasnotapoet, whileinprisonhadbeenputtingAesopintoverse?’—’Becauseseveraltimesinhislifehehadbeenwarnedindreamsthatheshouldpractisemusic; andashewasabouttodieandwasnotcertainofwhatwasmeant, hewishedtofulfiltheadmonitionintheletteraswellasinthespirit, ; andsaythatIwouldhavehimfollowmeindeath.’ ‘Heisnotatallthesortofmantocomplywithyourrequest, Socrates.’ ‘Why, ishenotaphilosopher?’ ‘Yes.’ ‘Thenhewillbewillingtodie, althoughhewillnottakehisownlife, forthatisheldtobeunlawful.’

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